Instruct (DIT): S wants A to carry out the action, specified in the semantic content; S believes that A is able and willing to carry out the action.Instruct (HCRC MapTask): An INSTRUCT move commands the partner to carry out an action. Where actions are observable, the expected response could be performance of the action. The instruction can be quite indirect, as in example 3 below, as long as there is a specific action that the instructor intends to elicit (in this case, focusing on the start point). In the Map Task, this usually involves the route giver telling the route follower how to navigate part of the route. Participants can also give other INSTRUCT moves, such as telling the partner to go through something again but more slowly. In these and later examples, G denotes the instruction giver, the participant who knows the route, and F, the instruction follower, the one who is being told the route. Editorial comments that help to establish the dialogue context are given in square brackets.Action-directive (DAMSL): S tries to directly influence H’s future non-communicative actions, and obligates A to either perform the requested action or to communicate a refusal or inability to do so.